Sakartvelo line A Georgian historical archive

The three Georgian scripts

Georgian writing evolved through three historical forms — Asomtavruli, Nuskhuri and Mkhedruli. Their living coexistence is on UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage list.

The three Georgian scripts
Original: Jaqeli Vectorization: Carnby · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Georgian writing exists in three historical forms. The oldest is Asomtavruli (rounded capital letters), known from inscriptions of the 5th century.

In the 9th–10th centuries Nuskhuri, a lowercase ecclesiastical hand, took shape; together with the Asomtavruli capitals it forms «Khutsuri» (church script).

From the 11th century Mkhedruli («military», secular) developed — the modern 33-letter Georgian alphabet. The living coexistence of all three systems was inscribed by UNESCO on the Intangible Cultural Heritage list (2016).

Modern Georgian has 33 letters; the tables below also include several archaic letters (ჱ, ჲ, ჳ, ჵ) no longer in everyday use.

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